The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is a highly sought-after coin among collectors and enthusiasts alike. This unique coin, also known as the “Buffalo Nickel” or “Indian Head Nickel,” is a fascinating piece of American history and numismatic art. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the history, design, rarity, and significance of the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel.
History of the Buffalo Indian Head Nickel
The Birth of the Buffalo Nickel
The Buffalo Indian Head Nickel was first minted in 1913, marking a significant change in American coinage design. Prior to this, the United States had been using the “Liberty Head” nickel, which featured a profile of Lady Liberty. The Buffalo Nickel, however, was designed by James Earle Fraser, a renowned sculptor, and featured a Native American chief on one side and a buffalo on the other.
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is a specific year of this iconic coin. Minted during the Great Depression, this coin holds a special place in numismatic history. The design, featuring a Native American chief and a buffalo, remained unchanged throughout the years, making it a consistent and recognizable symbol of American coinage.
Design and Features
The Obverse
The obverse of the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel features a profile of a Native American chief. The design is inspired by a Native American chief from the Black Hills, known as “Big Chief.” The chief is depicted with a headdress and a prominent nose, with the inscription “LIBERTY” arched above his head. The year “1937” is inscribed below the chief’s chin.
The Reverse
The reverse side of the coin features a powerful buffalo, or bison, standing on a rock. The buffalo is depicted in a dynamic and lifelike pose, with its head turned to the right. The inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” is arched above the buffalo, with the denomination “5 CENTS” inscribed below.
Material and Weight
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is composed of a copper-nickel alloy, which gives it a distinctive silver color. The coin has a weight of 5 grams and a diameter of 21.21 millimeters.
Rarity and Value
Rarity
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is considered quite rare among collectors. The exact mintage figures for this year are not well-documented, but it is estimated that fewer than 1 million coins were minted. The rarity of the coin is further compounded by the fact that many of the coins have been lost, damaged, or worn over the years.
Value
The value of a 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel can vary greatly depending on its condition and rarity. In general, a well-preserved coin in mint condition can sell for several hundred dollars. However, coins in poor condition or with significant wear may only fetch a few dollars. The value of the coin can also be influenced by its provenance, such as whether it was part of a special collection or has a notable history.
Significance and Legacy
Symbolism
The Buffalo Indian Head Nickel holds significant symbolic value in American history. The design, featuring a Native American chief and a buffalo, is a powerful symbol of the American West and the country’s indigenous peoples. The coin has been used to represent the resilience and strength of the American spirit, as well as the country’s connection to its natural heritage.
Numismatic Legacy
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is also an important part of numismatic history. The coin’s design, created by James Earle Fraser, is considered one of the most iconic and enduring designs in American coinage. The Buffalo Nickel has been widely collected and studied by numismatists, and it continues to be a popular subject for coin enthusiasts.
Cultural Impact
The Buffalo Indian Head Nickel has had a significant cultural impact as well. The coin has been featured in numerous movies, television shows, and books, and it has become a symbol of American history and culture. The coin’s design has also been used on various merchandise and memorabilia, further cementing its place in popular culture.
Collecting and Preservation
Collecting Tips
If you are interested in collecting 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickels, there are a few tips to keep in mind. First, it is important to educate yourself about the coin’s history and design, as well as the factors that affect its value. Second, consider joining a numismatic club or organization, which can provide valuable resources and connections to other collectors. Finally, be patient and persistent in your search for high-quality coins, as the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel can be quite rare.
Preservation Tips
Preserving your 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is essential to maintaining its value and beauty. Here are some tips for preserving your coin:
1. Store in a Safe Place: Keep your coin in a secure location, away from direct sunlight and heat sources.
2. Use a Coin Holder: Store your coin in a coin holder or capsule to protect it from scratches and other damage.
3. Avoid Handling: Try to minimize handling your coin, as this can cause wear and tear.
4. Clean Gently: If your coin needs to be cleaned, use a gentle cleaning solution and a soft brush. Avoid using harsh chemicals or abrasive materials.
5. Consult a Professional: If you are unsure about how to preserve your coin, consider consulting a professional numismatist or coin dealer.
Conclusion
The 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is a fascinating and significant coin in American history and numismatics. Its unique design, rich history, and cultural significance make it a popular choice among collectors. Whether you are a seasoned numismatist or a newcomer to the world of coin collecting, the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is a coin that is sure to captivate and inspire.
By understanding the history, design, rarity, and significance of the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel, you can appreciate the true value and beauty of this iconic coin. Whether you choose to collect, preserve, or simply admire this remarkable piece of American history, the 1937 Buffalo Indian Head Nickel is a coin that will continue to captivate and inspire for generations to come.