The 1859 Indian Head Cent is a significant coin in the history of American numismatics. This coin, also known as the “Indian Head Cent,” is one of the most iconic and sought-after coins among collectors. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the history, significance, and details of the 1859 Indian Head Cent.
History of the 1859 Indian Head Cent
The Indian Head Cent was introduced in 1859 as part of the Flying Eagle Cent series. The coin was designed by James B. Longacre, the Chief Engraver of the United States Mint. The design features a Native American profile on the obverse (front) and a wreath of oak leaves and a ribbon on the reverse (back).
The Design and Mintage
The 1859 Indian Head Cent was struck at the Philadelphia Mint. The coin is known for its high relief and fine detail. The obverse features a Native American profile with long hair, wearing a feathered headdress. The reverse shows a wreath of oak leaves and a ribbon, with the legend “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and the denomination “ONE CENT” inscribed around the edge.
The Mintage Figures
The mintage of the 1859 Indian Head Cent is relatively low, with only 8,558,500 coins produced. This scarcity, combined with the coin’s historical significance and aesthetic appeal, has contributed to its desirability among collectors.
Significance of the 1859 Indian Head Cent
The 1859 Indian Head Cent holds significant historical and cultural importance. The coin’s design reflects the cultural attitudes and perceptions of Native Americans during the mid-19th century. Additionally, the coin’s low mintage and historical rarity make it a valuable addition to any numismatic collection.
Cultural Representation
The design of the 1859 Indian Head Cent is a reflection of the cultural attitudes and perceptions of Native Americans during the mid-19th century. The Native American profile on the obverse is a representation of the cultural heritage and identity of the indigenous people of North America. The coin’s design also reflects the romanticized and often stereotypical portrayals of Native Americans in popular culture during that time.
Historical Context
The 1859 Indian Head Cent was minted during a period of significant cultural and political change in the United States. The mid-19th century saw the expansion of the United States westward, leading to increased contact and conflict with Native American tribes. The coin’s design and mintage reflect the complex and often contentious relationship between the United States and Native American populations during this time.
Collecting the 1859 Indian Head Cent
The 1859 Indian Head Cent is a highly sought-after coin among collectors. Its historical significance, low mintage, and aesthetic appeal make it a valuable addition to any numismatic collection. Here are some tips for collecting and preserving the 1859 Indian Head Cent.
Condition and Grading
The condition of the 1859 Indian Head Cent is a crucial factor in determining its value. Coins are graded on a scale of 1 to 70, with 70 being the highest grade. The condition of the coin is determined by its surface wear, luster, and overall appearance. A coin in excellent condition can command a significant premium over a coin in poor condition.
Preservation and Storage
Proper preservation and storage are essential for maintaining the value and condition of the 1859 Indian Head Cent. Coins should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. A coin album or a protective case can help prevent damage from handling and environmental factors.
Authentication and Certification
Authenticating and certifying the 1859 Indian Head Cent is an important step in the collecting process. Third-party authentication services, such as the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) and the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation (NGC), can provide a certificate of authenticity and grade the coin. This certification can help establish the coin’s value and provenance.
Market Value and Pricing
The market value of the 1859 Indian Head Cent varies depending on its condition, rarity, and provenance. Here are some factors that can influence the price of the coin.
Condition
The condition of the 1859 Indian Head Cent is the most significant factor in determining its value. A coin in excellent condition can command a significant premium over a coin in poor condition. The grading scale used by third-party authentication services, such as the PCGS and NGC, provides a standardized way to evaluate the condition of the coin.
Rarity
The 1859 Indian Head Cent is relatively rare, with only 8,558,500 coins minted. The coin’s rarity contributes to its desirability and value among collectors. Coins that are in excellent condition and have a low mintage can command a significant premium.
Provenance
The provenance of the 1859 Indian Head Cent can also influence its value. Coins that have a known history or have been part of a significant collection can command a higher price. Additionally, coins that have been authenticated and certified by a third-party service can command a premium.
Market Trends
The market value of the 1859 Indian Head Cent can be influenced by market trends and demand. The coin’s value can fluctuate based on factors such as economic conditions, collector interest, and the availability of other similar coins. Keeping an eye on market trends and staying informed about the latest developments in the numismatic community can help collectors make informed decisions about purchasing and selling the 1859 Indian Head Cent.
Conclusion
The 1859 Indian Head Cent is a significant coin in the history of American numismatics. Its historical significance, cultural representation, and aesthetic appeal make it a valuable addition to any numismatic collection. Whether you are a seasoned collector or just starting out, the 1859 Indian Head Cent offers a unique opportunity to explore the rich history and cultural heritage of the United States. By understanding the coin’s history, significance, and market value, you can make informed decisions about collecting and preserving this iconic piece of American history.
FAQs
What is the 1859 Indian Head Cent made of?
The 1859 Indian Head Cent is made of copper.
How much is the 1859 Indian Head Cent worth?
The value of the 1859 Indian Head Cent varies depending on its condition, rarity, and provenance. In excellent condition, a coin can sell for several hundred dollars, while a coin in poor condition may sell for a few dollars.
Where can I find the 1859 Indian Head Cent?
The 1859 Indian Head Cent can be found in numismatic collections, coin shops, and online marketplaces such as eBay and CoinDealer.
How do I authenticate the 1859 Indian Head Cent?
The 1859 Indian Head Cent can be authenticated by third-party services such as the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS) and the Numismatic Guaranty Corporation (NGC). These services provide a certificate of authenticity and grade the coin.
What is the mintage of the 1859 Indian Head Cent?
The mintage of the 1859 Indian Head Cent is 8,558,500 coins.